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Настройка работы Voice Vlan с помощью LLDP-med на коммутаторах QSW-4530
LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol) является стандартным протоколом канального уровня, который позволяет устройствам в сети обнаруживать друг друга и обмениваться информацией о своих характеристиках.
Давайте рассмотрим более подробно, что такое LLDP, как работает LLDP на коммутаторах QTECH, а также, как можно настроить политику сети с использованием LLDP.
LLDP: Основные принципы
LLDP позволяет устройствам в сети передавать информацию о себе, такую как идентификатор устройства, тип и номер порта, VLAN, которые он обслуживает, и другие атрибуты. Эта информация может быть использована администраторами сети для мониторинга, управления и отладки сетевой инфраструктуры.
LLDP на коммутаторах QTECH
Коммутаторы QTECH поддерживают LLDP в соответствии со стандартом IEEE 802.1AB. Они могут отправлять и принимать LLDP кадры.
Администратор может включить или отключить LLDP на каждом интерфейсе, настроить время жизни кадров LLDP и определить, какие параметры будут включены в отправляемые кадры LLDP.
Настройка политики сети с использованием LLDP
LLDP также может быть использован для настройки политики сети. Например, администратор может использовать информацию, полученную от LLDP, для автоматической конфигурации VLAN на портах коммутатора.
Предположим, что у нас есть сеть с коммутаторами и подключенными устройствами. Мы хотим автоматически назначить портам VLAN в зависимости от типа устройства, подключенного к порту. Мы можем использовать информацию, полученную от LLDP, чтобы определить тип устройства и соответствующим образом настроить порт.
Например, если устройство подключено к порту и сообщает, что оно является IP-телефоном, мы можем настроить порт коммутатора для передачи трафика VLAN, предназначенного для голосовой сети.
Рассмотрим пример настройки lldp-med с голосовым трафиком в 10 vlan и подключенным ПК vlan 20.
В режиме глобальной конфигурации включите lldp:
(config)#lldp enable
Перейдите в режим настройки интерфейса
(config)#interface ethernet 1/0/1
Для включения возможности получения TLV (Type-Length-Value) используйте команду
(config-if-ethernet1/0/1)#lldp transmit med tlv capability
Опционально настройте нужные элементы.
(config-if-ethernet1/0/1)#lldp transmit med tlv networkPolicy
Эта команда позволяет сетевому или терминальному устройству объявить конфигурацию VLAN, приоритеты уровней L2 и L3, а также другую информацию, связанную с сетевой политикой, соседним устройствам.
(config-if-ethernet1/0/1)#lldp transmit med tlv inventory
Настройка, позволяющая получить информацию об инвентаризации, включая данные о модели устройства, версии программного обеспечения и другие характеристики.
(config-if-ethernet1/0/1)#lldp transmit med tlv extendPoe
Получение информации о поддерживаемых PoE стандартах, классах устройств, максимальной мощности и другие параметры.
(config-if-ethernet1/0/1)#lldp transmit med tlv location
Позволяет устройству передать информацию о местоположении от коммутатора к конечному устройству.
Далее укажите сетевую политику, включающую VLAN и приоритет QoS. "Network policy voice" определяет сетевую политику для голосового трафика, в то время как "network policy voice-signaling" определяет сетевую политику для сигнализации голоса, позволяя устанавливать различные параметры для этих двух типов трафика. По умолчанию для голосового трафика используются значения cos 5 dscp 46, Вы можете задать свои.
(config-if-ethernet1/0/1) #network policy voice tag tagged vid 10 cos 3 dscp 24 (config-if-ethernet1/0/1) #network policy voice-signaling tag tagged vid 10 cos 6 dscp 48
Укажите нужный режим работы порта:
(config-if-ethernet1/0/1) #switchport mode hybrid (config-if-ethernet1/0/1) #switchport hybrid allowed vlan 10 tag (config-if-ethernet1/0/1) #switchport hybrid allowed vlan 20 untag (config-if-ethernet1/0/1) #switchport hybrid native vlan 20
Базовая настройка для работы lldp-med:
lldp enable vlan 20 name PC vlan 10 name voice Interface Ethernet1/0/1 lldp transmit med tlv capability lldp transmit med tlv networkPolicy lldp transmit med tlv inventory network policy voice tag tagged vid 10 cos 3 dscp 24 network policy voice-signaling tag tagged vid 10 cos 6 dscp 48 switchport mode hybrid switchport hybrid allowed vlan 10 tag switchport hybrid allowed vlan 20 untag switchport hybrid native vlan 20
Автор:
Манукян Н.А.
QTECH 2024 г.
Модель: QSW-4530
Вид оборудования: Ethernet коммутаторы доступа
